Quartz has been used for numerous areas since the beginning of mankind. Back then, quartz was used to make tools because the mineral has an enormous hardness. Nevertheless, quartz, such as rock crystals, was also used as amulets in the Neolithic period, which suggests that the sight of these gemstones could enchant even back then. The mineral family quartz is the second most abundant material in the earth's crust and produces some of the most beautiful gemstones. The quartz family includes amethyst, ametrine, olive quartz, lily quartz and many other varieties. The mineral thus brings out very different, but also equally beautiful gemstones. There is still disagreement about the origin of the word "quartz" in etymology. Terms such as the Slavic word hard or the Saxon word Querlufterz are thrown into the round. Quartz makes for a particularly classy look because of its noble appearance and its numerous variations. Quartz is a mineral that is often used in jewellery making. Quartz is particularly interesting because it is transparent and colourless in its pure, natural state, but can also occur in all colour varieties. Irradiation from artificial or natural sources can be responsible for the colour change. Its hardness also makes quartz a durable gemstone of great popularity. Quartz does not only occur naturally, it can also be produced artificially, which is particularly important in the ceramics industry, but also in glass production and cement development. In these sectors, the quartz sand serves as the basis for the production of silicon. Special varieties of quartz, which attract attention through different colouring and are therefore used as decorative elements, include: violet amethysts, yellow-orange citrines, green prasiolites or black-grey.